Childhood obesity’ can be predicted by check at birth’
出生檢查能預測兒童肥胖
◎陳成良
Researchers say a baby’s chance of being obese in childhood can be predicted at birth using a simple formula. The formula combines several known factors to estimate the risk of obesity.
研究人員說，嬰兒肥胖的機率能在出生時用一個簡單公式推算。該公式估算包括肥胖風險的幾項已知因素。
The authors of the study, published in PLos One, hope it will be used to identify babies at risk.
這項研究發表於「公共科學圖書館—綜合」線上期刊，作者希望可用於辨認有（肥胖）風險的嬰兒。
Childhood obesity can lead to many health problems, including Type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
兒童肥胖會導致許多健康問題，包括第二型的糖尿病和心臟疾病。
Researchers from Imperial College London looked at 4,032 Finnish children born in 1986 and at data from two further studies of 1,053 Italian children and 1,032 US children.
倫敦帝國學院的研究人員對1986年出生的4032名芬蘭兒童進行研究，還檢視了另外兩份分別針對1053名義大利兒童和1032名美國兒童的研究報告數據。
They found that looking at a few simple measurements, such as a child’s birthweight and whether the mother smoked, was enough to predict obesity.
他們發現，檢視一些簡單的測量，諸如兒童出生體重以及母親是否吸菸，就足以預測肥胖。
Previously it had been thought that genetic factors would give bigger clues to later weight problems, but only about one in 10 cases of obesity is the result of a rare gene mutation that affects appetite.
以前外界認為，基因因素與之後的肥胖問題較有關，但只有10分之1的肥胖個案，是一種罕見基因突變影響食慾的結果。
Obesity in children is rising, with the NHS estimating that 17％ of girls and 15％ of boys in England are now obese.
兒童的肥胖不斷上升，英國國民保健服務（NHS）估計，英格蘭17％女孩和15％男孩是肥胖的。
新聞辭典
obese：形容詞，過胖的；肥胖的。obesity則是名詞，例句：Overweight and obesity are closely linked to type 2 diabetes.（過重和肥胖與第二型糖尿病有密切關係。）
at risk：片語，有…的危險。例句：The disease is spreading , and all young children are at risk.（這種疾病正在蔓延，所有幼齡兒童都有感染的危險。）
appetite：名詞，食慾、胃口。例句：Exercise gave her a good appetite.（運動使她胃口大增。）
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